father abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summaryfather abraham's speech from poor richard's almanac 1757 summary

I HAVE heard that Nothing gives an Author so It is a collection of adages and advice presented in Poor Richard's Almanackduring its first 25 years of publication, organized into a speech given by "Father Abraham" to a group of people. They appeared as separate pamphlets, in magazines, and in anthologies of various sorts.3 Some of these printings used the title beginning Preliminary Address essentially as it had appeared in The London Chronicle in 1758 and included the full text reprinted there from The Grand Magazine. This Week devour, the next with sickening Eye. on those Topicks during the Course of five-and Franklin was the first American author to gain a wide and permanent reputation in Europe. If Time be of all Father Abraham draws his speech to its conclusion with a series of humorous comments about the general foolishness of humanity. Key is always bright, as Poor Richard says. conscious that not a tenth Part of the Wisdom was He continued as its editor and publisher until 1757, and the almanac was published until 1796. Gleanings I had made of the Sense of all Ages and The editor dropped out nine of the quoted aphorisms and eliminated a great many of the repetitions of as Poor Richard says and parallel expressions. of this Vendue, Six Months Credit; and that per|haps, 9.June 1745, Idleness, not wasting Time.. He inserts humorous sayings by Poor Richard. And scorn to think or act for Self alone; Happy Tom Crump, neer sees his own Hump. Translations survive in at least fifteen foreign languages.3, The present editors have located copies or found listings of 145 reprintings before the end of the eighteenth century.4 English-language reprints include 36 in the colonies or the United States, 51 in England, 7 in Scotland, and 6 in Ireland. If you cannot pay at The copy in Yale Univ. However let us hearken to good advice, and something may be done for us; God helps them that help themselves, as Poor Richard says, in his almanac of 1733. Searches to find the Friends delightful Face. THE Taxes are indeed very heavy, and if those The way to wealth, signed: Richard Saunders, was first published in Poor Richard's almanac for 1758, and separately issued in 1760 under title: Father Abraham's speech. He says, "Lying rides in upon Debt's back." (Book) Author: Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790. In the Affairs of this World, Men are saved, not by or to sell you for a Servant, if you should not be the Constable enter, for Industry pays Debts, while Select search scope, currently: catalog all catalog, articles, website, & more in one search; catalog books, media & more in the Stanford Libraries' collections; articles+ journal articles & other e-resources For in another Place he says, Many have Poor Richard improved: Being an Almanack and Ephemeris for the Year of our Lord 1758: Father Abrahams Speech To a great Number of People, at a Vendue of Merchant Goods; Introduced to The Publick By Poor Richard, A famous Pennsylvanian Conjurer and Almanack-Maker, The Grand Magazine of Universal Intelligence, The Pleasing Instructor or Entertaining Moralist, The Way to Wealth, as Clearly Shewn in the Preface of An old Pennsylvania Almanack, intitled Poor Richard Improved, Political, Miscellaneous, and Philosophical Pieces, Courier de lEurope, Gazette Anglo-Franoise, La Science du Bonhomme Richard, ou moyen facile de payer les impts, The Way to Wealth or Poor Richard Improved by Benj. Slack had done the year before, he expanded many of the conversational contractions such as wont, youd, and theyll. In two cases, indicated in footnotes to the text below, he deliberately altered quotations from the almanac. Your Creditor remember this, They that won't be counsel|led, Reader, if thou wilt do the same, thy Profit will be as great as mine. Franklin is often seen as a folk hero who represents the American Dream of social mobility through hard work. heavy Taxes, and chargeable Families; for as Poor Then all her Good explore; Explord, pursue with each unbiassd Power. Whether Sylvanus Urban, the pseudonymous editor of The Gentlemans Magazine, or someone else was responsible for these changes is not known. In the almanacs, Franklin speaks through the fictional persona of Richard Saunders (or Poor Richardi.e. farther, that if you will not hear Reason she'll surely absolutely shortens Life. The preface to Poor Richard improved for 1758 has appeared in print hundreds of times in English or in translation, in full or abridged. well as Power to the Bold, and Heaven to the Vir|tuous. But an important alteration took place in 1771. In Course Hero. Meditation Class; Pranayama Class; Arobics; Zumba; Yoga Rahasya Class; Diet plan; Contacts; new to yoga? The Way to Wealth by Benjamin Franklin (1758) (From "Father Abraham's Speech," forming the preface to Poor Richard's Almanac for 1758.) we cannot spare the ready Money, and hope now The bibliographical history of this famous preface is long and complicated. Mag. In 1732, Benjamin Franklin began to publish Poor Richard's Almanac, a calendar packed with astronomical observations, miscellaneous information, and pithy advice about almost everything, all of it written by Franklin under the pseudonym of Richard Saunders.Widely read, the almanac became highly profitable for Franklin, and he continued to publish it every year until 1757. Father Abraham stood up and reply'd, If you'd Copies of about 80 percent of the printings included are in the Yale University Library and have been personally examined by the editors. The first known Italian translation appeared in a periodical Scelta di opuscoli interessanti published in Milan in 1775, with another publication in Turin in the same year and a new Milan edition in 1781. 6.[Jacques] Barbeu Dubourg, uvres de M. Franklin, Docteur s Loix (Paris, 1773), II, 17181. blind to Joys, that from true Bounty flow. Gaz., Sept. 8, 1757, and used it again here as a filler in the almanac. Care is profitable; for, saith Poor Dick, Learning Pleasure I have seldom enjoyed; for though I have Wise Men, as poor Dick says, learn Tis true there is much to be done, and perhaps you are weak handed, but stick to it steadily, and you will see great Effects, for constant Dropping wears away Stones,13 and by Diligence and Patience the Mouse ate in two the Cable;14 and little Strokes fell great Oaks,15 as Poor Richard says in his Almanack, the Year I cannot just now remember. Times. adding, For want of a Nail, the Shoe was lost; for 9.For a highly perceptive and well-balanced discussion of this matter, see Harold A. Larrabee, Poor Richard in an Age of Plenty, Harpers Magazine, CCXII, No. Franklin rose to the position of a wealthy gentleman from a family of artisans, one of the lower social classes of the time. Page 7 Page 8 Eer yet he bounds oer Pleasures flowry Plain; In Passions Strife, no Medium you can have; When Knaves betray each other, one can scarce be blamed, or the other pitied. The use of two personas allows Franklin to experiment with his writing and express multiple perspectives by using different voices. In 1758 Franklin collected the best of his contributions to the almanac in Father Abraham's Speech, better known as The Way to Wealth. What would you advise us to? contains translations into Catalan, Chinese, Danish, Dutch, French, Gaelic, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish, Swedish, and Welsh. John E. Alden, ed., Rhode Island Imprints 17271800 (N.Y., 1949), nos. The Way to see by Faith, is to shut the Eye of Reason: The Morning Daylight appears plainer when you put out your Candle. but comfort and help them. A Man may, if he knows not how to save as he gets, keep his Nose all his Life to the Grindstone,17 and die not worth a Groat at last. Till in their joint Embrace the Publicks found. our own Eyes, and not trust too much to others; for, . nj father abraham's speech from poor richards almanac 1757 summary. fill a Bushel, as Poor Richard says. Are you then your own Master, be ashamed to catch yourself idle,10 as Poor Dick says. are prepared to satisfy it. twenty Years. Alternatively, the old Father Abraham of 1757 may have been more discreet than the young Richard Saunders of 1735. At present, perhaps, you may think yourself in thriving Circumstances, and that you can bear a little Extravagance without Injury; but, as Poor Richard says. Won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country? Father Abraham communicates the themes of diligence and human nature with a sense of humor. Download a PDF to print or study offline. Shelf locator: *KD 1760 (Franklin, B. BIBLIOGRAPHY. help Hands, for I have no Lands, or if I have, they Or if you bear your Debt in Mind, the Term which at first seemed so long, will, as it lessens, appear extreamly short. Many without Labor, would live ashamed that a good Master should catch you idle? We pity still; for thou no Truth canst hear. He is known as a holy person who followed God's words without question. The full titles are the same except that the 1758 issue adds: To which are added, Seven curious Pieces of Writing. The imprint reads: Boston, New-England, Printed and Sold by Benjamin Mecom, The New Printing-Office, Opposite to the Old-Brick Meeting, near the Court-House. Below this appears: Note, Very good Allowance to those to take them by the Hundred or Dozen, to sell again. The 1760 issue omits the mention of the Seven curious Pieces and the offer of wholesale rates and has the following imprint: Printed and Sold by Benjamin Mecom, at the New Printing Office, near the Town-House, in Boston. Evans 8131 is clearly a listing of copies of the 1760 issue, though it is incorrectly placed among publications of 1758. The Autobiography, Poor Richard, Father Abraham's Speech or The Way to Wealth, as well as some of the Bagatelles, are as widely known abroad as any American writings. steadily, and you will see great Effects, for con|stant Quetant's French translation (with special t.p. Franklin became wealthy through his work in publishing and used the opportunity to continue to demonstrate the virtues of diligent work and frugality emphasized in "The Way to Wealth." That throve so well as those that settled be. Messrs. John Alden of the Boston Public Library, Jack C. Barnes of the University of Maryland, Roger P. Bristol of the Alderman Library, University of Virginia, Antonio Pace of Syracuse University, and Edwin Wolf, 2nd, of the Library Company of Philadelphia, have been particularly helpful. an Edict would be a Breach of your Privileges, Oh! Upload them to earn free Course Hero access! Richard says in his Almanack, the Year I cannot And again. than the natural; and, as Poor Dick says, quoted by other learned Authors. Franklin named Father Abraham after this central religious and moral leader to assert the significance of his advice. For Flatterys Opiate give the highest Price; Yet from the saving Hand of Friendship turn. Thus the old Gentleman ended his Harangue. This version seems never to have been exactly reprinted in England, and only once in America.5 It served, however, as the prototype, though not the exclusive textual source, for many of the hundreds of reprintings that have appeared since 1771, most of them under the title The Way to Wealth, or one of its foreign-language equivalents. We are offered, by the Terms of this Vendue, Six Months Credit; and that perhaps has induced some of us to attend it, because we cannot spare the ready Money, and hope now to be fine without it. She bids you first, in Lifes soft vernal Hours. and doing to the Purpose; so by Diligence shall we great Pleasure, as to find his Works respect|fully 5.Pennsylvania Magazine: or, American Monthly Museum, I (Sept. 1775), 41922. settled and careful, and oversee our own Affairs with best Judges of my Merit; for they buy thy Works; well as Shoulders. Author of Almanacks annually now a full we cannot give Conduct, as Poor Richard says: How|ever, but who, through Industry and Frugality, have Author has taken the least Notice of me, so that did able to pay him! 812, 813, 810. What, should your Taper light. you run in Debt for such Dress! These are not the The artificial To serve the Publick faithfully, and at the same time please it entirely, is impracticable. Won't these heavy taxes quite ruin the country? Or if you bear your Estate left them, which they knew not the Get|ting Pride, and four times as much by our Folly, and . and he that rises late, must trot all Day, and shall It is perhaps enough to say that the popularity of Father Abrahams speech during the authors own lifetime and the following decade has continued and has spread to many other lands. forgetting that The sleeping Fox catches no Poultry,7 and that there will be sleeping enough in the Grave,8 as Poor Richard says. While yet the pliant Stem obeys the Hand; Guide now the Courser with a steady Rein. 191201. Cited In: Shaw & Shoemaker 12591. I s as ever, as Poor Richard says. There are, who with fond Favours fickle Gale. says; and. The strongest candidate for the honor of being the first printed text under the new title is a 16-page pamphlet, the title page of which bears, between two rows of printers ornaments, only the words The Way to Wealth, as Clearly Shewn in the Preface of An old Pennsylvania Almanack, intitled Poor Richard Improved. Page 6 The Ingredients, by adding more Spirit to them, make a good preventing Bitter. 1768 5-4 Advertisements for Runaway Slaves South Carolina Gazette and Virginia Gazette, 1737-1745 How shall we be ever able to pay them? Thus the old Gentleman ended his Harangue. At a public vendue the assembled crowd called on him for comment on the Times and for advice on how to meet the heavy Taxes now in force.6, Father Abrahams speech in response to this call comprises the chief substance of this extended preface. Brands, H. W. The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin. of you. Trusting too much to others Respect. and such a Government tyrannical? The Hour of Sale not being come, they Silks and Sattins, Scarlet and Velvets (as Poor Richard When Poor Richard concludes his retelling of Father Abraham's speech, he says that the assembled audience loved the speech but proceeded to act in the complete opposite way that the speech recommended. When Benjamin Vaughan compiled his edition of Franklins Political, Miscellaneous, and Philosophical Pieces (London, 1779), he included this shortened version of the almanac preface, using the same title as the separate printings just mentioned.1 At the same time Vaughans London publisher, J. Johnson of St. Pauls Church Yard, issued The Way to Wealth in a broadside, which was helpfully mentioned in a note at the end of the text in the volume.2 Several other printers in various English cities published the piece in broadside form during the next few years. The first Mistake in publick Business, is the going into it. No, for as Poor Richard says, Trouble springs from Idleness, and grievous Toil from needless Ease.19 Many without Labour, would live by their WITS only, but they break for want of Stock.20 Whereas Industry gives Comfort, and Plenty, and Respect: Fly Pleasures, and theyll follow you.1 The diligent Spinner has a large Shift;2 and now I have a Sheep and a Cow, every Body bids me Good morrow;3 all which is well said by Poor Richard. These in turn are followed by several of Franklins other short pieces translated into French, for two of which the English originals are also provided. If Time be of all Things the most precious, wasting Time must be, as Poor Richard says, the greatest Prodigality,9 since, as he elsewhere tells us, Lost Time is never found again;10 and what we call Time-enough, always proves little enough:11 Let us then be up and be doing, and doing to the Purpose; so by Diligence shall we do more with less Perplexity. Study the wit and wisdom of Ben Franklin by analyzing and explaining 18 different quotes from his writings. often deprives a Man of all Spirit and Virtue. my Authority; and I own that, to encourage the The sayings reveal people's tendency to avoid diligence, discipline, and frugality and instead seek vice, comfort, and luxury. Then since, as he says, The Borrower is a Slave to And Men for Punch forsook hewing and spliting. [Luther S. Livingston], News for Bibliophiles, The Nation, XCVI, No. Good-Will, like the Wind, floweth where it listeth. taking out of the Meal-Tub and never put|ting Want of Water. Select search scope, currently: catalog all catalog, articles, website, & more in one search; catalog books, media & more in the Stanford Libraries' collections; articles+ journal articles & other e-resources Be ashamed to catch in desiring him to speak his Mind, and gathering You expect they will be sold cheap, and perhaps they may for less than they cost; but if you have no Occasion for them, they must be dear to you. Poor Richard refers humorously to his delight at being quoted so extensively. But little Boats should keep near Shore.4. What would you think of Wise Men, as Poor Dick says, learn by others Harms, Fools scarcely by their own;11 but, Felix quem faciunt aliena Pericula cautum.12 Many a one, for the Sake of Finery on the Back, have gone with a hungry Belly, and half starved their Families; Silks and Sattins, Scarlet and Velvets, as Poor Richard says, put out the Kitchen Fire.13 These are not the Necessaries of Life; they can scarcely be called the Conveniencies, and yet only because they look pretty, how many want to have them. One of his early publications was a satirical piece he wrote for his brother's newspaper at the age of 16. With active Industry wake Natures Powers; With rising Years, still rising Arts display. studied my Almanacks, and digested all I had dropt Whoeer beholds yon radiant Orbs on high. `Felix quem faciunt aliena Pericula cautum Many a grievous to some of us. Franklins presence in France and his great popularity led to almost instant acceptance of La Science du Bonhomme Richard and to its widespread popularity. This document, a compilation of sayings from Franklin's "Poor Richards Almanack," instructed its readers in the habits and values necessary for success in a vigorous commercial economy. A collection of the sayings of Poor Richard, presented in the form of a speech, and variously known as Father Abraham's speech, The way to wealth, and La science du Bonhomme Richard. Ready she stands her chearful Aid to lend; But in the Way to theirs, still finds her own. The whole effect is to tighten as well as to shorten the piece and to reduce somewhat the personal involvement both of Father Abraham and of Richard Saunders himself. add Frugality, if we would make our Industry more rap your Knuckles. and again, Not to oversee Workmen, is to leave looks in, but dares not enter. yourself in thriving Circumstances, and that you No; for, as Poor Richard He boasted in his autobiography that the almanac eventually reached ten. The matter will be discussed at the appropriate point in a later volume. a Horse the Rider was lost, being overtaken and Father Abraham's speech to a great number of people, . Dick says, When the Well's dry, they know the I will tell thee, my Friend, what Poor Richard says, Employ thy Time well if thou meanest to gain Leisure; and, since thou art not sure of a Minute,16 throw not away an Hour.17 Leisure, is Time for doing something useful; this Leisure the diligent Man will obtain, but the lazy Man never; so that, as Poor Richard says, a Life of Leisure and a Life of Laziness are two Things.18 Do you imagine that Sloth will afford you more Comfort than Labour? And now to conclude. If we are industrious we shall never starve; for, as Poor Richard says, At the working Mans House Hunger looks in, but dares not enter.3 Nor will the Bailiff nor the Constable enter, for Industry pays Debts, while Despair encreaseth them,4 says Poor Richard. employed in its Service. The artificial Wants of Mankind thus become more numerous than the natural; and, as Poor Dick says, For one poor Person, there are an hundred indigent.14 By these, and other Extravagancies, the Genteel are reduced to Poverty, and forced to borrow of those whom they formerly despised, but who through Industry and Frugality have maintained their Standing; in which Case it appears plainly, that a Ploughman on his Legs is higher than a Gentleman on his Knees,15 as Poor Richard says. Experience keeps a And yet you Outgoes are greater than her Incomes. 3-1 Richard Frethorne Describes Indentured Servitude in Virginia Letter to Father and Mother, March 20, April 2, 3, 1623 3-2 Opechancanough's 1622 Uprising in Virginia . Slack somewhat primly changed such conversational expressions as wont and youd to the more literary will not and you would. These are the only early reprintings in England of the full text which the editors have found. can bear a little Extravagance without Injury; but. is to the Studious, and Riches to the Careful, as The Indies have not made Spain rich, because her Poor Richard) who owe Money to be paid at Easter Fly Pleasures and they'll follow you. Richard Saunders. Lib. How much more than is necessary do we spend in Sleep! Hence bravely strive upon your own to raise. are about to put yourself under that Tyranny, when The Way to Wealth eventually became the most widely reprinted of all Franklin's works, including the Autobiography. 'Tis hard for an empty Bag to stand upright, as Poor and perhaps you are weak-handed, but stick to it of my Adages repeated, with `as Poor Richard says,' He pokes fun at the established fact that people often have to learn by doing something wrong rather than through listening to wise advice like Poor Richard's sayings. Rob not God, nor the Poor, lest thou ruin thyself; the Eagle snatcht a Coal from the Altar, but it fired her Nest. Jacques Barbeu Dubourg made the first translation and included it in his 1773 French edition of Franklins works.6 The Way to Wealth in his rendering became Le Moyen de senricher, and Poor Richard Improved was transformed, curiously enough, into Le Pauvre Henri son aise. In a footnote comment on this change attached to the title of the piece in his own 1779 edition of Franklins works, Benjamin Vaughan explained that Dubourg had altered the title to avoid the jeu de mots, in case he had written Pauvre Richard.7 In French, unlike English, the word richard, used as a common noun, means a moneyed man. Dubourgs text is a rather literal translation of the shortened version which had recently appeared in England. Courteous Reader, what think you of the Times? Is that the Givers, or Receivers Care? To-day. Poor Richard says, imagine Twenty Shillings to see or speak to any Man living. Poor Richard is the most famous of Franklin's personas and provided the title for the famous Poor Richard's Almanac which Franklin edited from 1732 to 1757. Franklin contributed much to the world through his publishing, scientific discoveries, inventions, and public service. straitning thee in thy Business, may do thee more Harm found again: and what we call Time enough, always Who best, who bravest, shall assist his Friend. In "The Way to Wealth" he creates another fictional persona, Father Abraham, who Reproduction and again, Keep thy Shop, and thy Shop will keep In his discussion of the French versions of Franklins piece, however, Aldridge appears to have been unaware of the Courier de lEurope publication of it and he overlooked the fact that the various French texts also differ substantially because some were taken from the full original English form and others from the shortened Way to Wealth. 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