pap smear screening guidelines

HPV vaccines are very good at preventing HPV infections, particularly infection with HPV types 16 and 18, the types that cause most cervical cancers. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. Using information from new studies, ACS concluded that the benefits of cervical cancer screening do not outweigh the harms for people aged 21 to 24 years old. Office on Women's Health. This helps the doctor examine the vagina and the cervix, and collect a few cells and mucus from the cervix and the area around it. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. The adoption of the USPSTF guidelines expands the recommended options for cervical cancer screening in average-risk individuals aged 30 years and older to include screening every 5 years with primary high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing. 2017;67:100. A Pap smear is an important part of a cervical cancer . Learn how it's done and what abnormal Pap test results might mean. Available at: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2697704. Further testing is needed to determine the source of the abnormal cells and their significance. Several NCI scientists, including myself, performed extensive risk assessment and systematic literature reviews to support the development of the guidelines. HPV testing alone can be considered for women who are 25 to 29, but Pap tests are preferred. Inserting the speculum may cause a sensation of pressure in your pelvic area. Atypical glandular cells may appear to be slightly abnormal, but it's unclear whether they're cancerous. The USPSTF recommends screening for cervical cancer in women age 21 to 65 years with cytology (Pap smear) every 3 years or, for women ages 30 to 65 years who want to lengthen the screening. Increasing Receipt of Ovarian Cancer Care from a Gynecologic Oncologist, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. There is a problem with Pap tests also can find cervical cancer early, when the chance of being cured is very high. As a private, voluntary, nonprofit membership organization of more than 58,000 members, ACOG strongly advocates for quality health care for women, maintains the highest standards of clinical practice and continuing education of its members, promotes patient education, and increases awareness among its members and the public of the changing issues facing women's health care. In certain situations a woman and her doctor may decide to end Pap testing, such as: After a total hysterectomy. If you are getting a Pap test, you can take steps to make sure the test results are accurate. The American Cancer Societys new guideline has two major differences from previous guidelines. Reducing Cancers Global Burden: A Conversation with NCIs Dr. Satish Gopal, If you would like to reproduce some or all of this content, see Reuse of NCI Information for guidance about copyright and permissions. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Obstetrics & Gynecology. Cervical precancer usually doesnt cause pain or other symptoms. Lung cancer screening is recommended for some people who are at high risk. If you are 30 to 65You can choose one of three options: Have a Pap test and an HPV test (co-testing) every 5 years. These abnormal cells may be the first sign of cancer that develops years later. The tissue sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis and a definitive diagnosis. Pap smear is a screening test used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the endocervical canal and can determine if any abnormal cells in the cervix tend to turn cancerous. 2013;17(suppl):S1. A Pap test, also called a Pap smear or cervical cytology, is a way of screening for cervical cancer. And it detects a lot of minor changes that have a very low risk of turning into cancer. If your Pap smear is abnormal, your doctor may perform a procedure called colposcopy using a special magnifying instrument (colposcope) to examine the tissues of the cervix, vagina and vulva. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit organization. But if your hysterectomy was for a precancerous or cancerous condition of the cervix, your doctor may recommend continuing routine Pap testing. Given these concerns, ACOG, ASCCP, and SGO continue to recommend cervical cancer screening initiation at age 21 years. If something abnormal or suspicious was found, also called a positive test result, you will typically get a second test. First, what is a Pap smear? The adoption of the USPSTF guidelines expands the recommended options for cervical cancer screening in average-risk individuals aged 30 years and older to include screening every 5 years with primary high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing. Instead of an annual pap, you can get oneevery three yearsuntil youre 65. at the National Institutes of Health, An official website of the United States government, ACSs Updated Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines Explained, an updated guideline for cervical cancer screening, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, a type of screening test called an HPV test, US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) in 2018, abnormal cells that can lead to cancer in the cervix, we have amazing results from the HPV vaccine, the secondary tests that are used for following up after screening, a new FDA-approved test, called dual stain, Drug Targets Common Mutation in Pancreatic Cancer. However, a Pap smear isn't foolproof. ACOG does not guarantee, warrant, or endorse the products or services of any firm, organization, or person. Your doctor will gently insert an instrument called a speculum into your vagina. Here are some terms your doctor might use and what your next course of action might be: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). A Pap smear is performed in your doctor's office and takes only a few minutes. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Finding abnormal cells or cancer early is the best way to combat it and prevent it from spreading. Pap smear is often recommended for cervical cancer screening. The Pap (Papanicolaou) Test The Pap test is a procedure that collects cells from the cervix so that they can be looked at closely in the lab to find cancer and pre-cancer. The Papanicolaou-stained (Pap) smear was introduced in 1949 by a pathologist named George Papanicolaou. The cells are sent to a laboratory. Cindys Story: Preventing Cervical Cancer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pap test. other information we have about you. The specific strategy selected is less important than consistent adherence to routine screening guidelines. When there are cervical cells that look abnormal but are not yet cancerous, it is called cervical precancer. Find out if you qualify. ACOG practice bulletin no. Yes, the new guideline recommends screening for those who have had the HPV vaccine. If your Pap test result is normal, your doctor may tell you that you can wait three years until your next Pap test. You have no history of cervical cancer or cervical changesYou do not need screening. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Although HPV self-sampling has the potential to greatly improve access to cervical cancer screening, and there is an increasing body of evidence to support its efficacy and utility, it is still investigational in the United States 5 11 . CDC Guidelines for Pap Smear and HPV Testing. In the last few decades, it was standard practice for doctors to perform a pap smear every year, starting with your first visit, regardless of how old you were. We also have new evidence from large studies that really give us the assurance that we can update screening practices to provide better outcomes for women and for the health care system. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. The speculum holds the walls of your vagina apart so that your doctor can easily see your cervix. The Ontario Cervical Screening Program will formally change the age of initiation for cervical screening from 21 to 25 with the implementation of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in the program except for people who are immunocompromised. If no high-risk viruses are present, the abnormal cells found as a result of the test aren't of great concern. You'll soon start receiving the latest Mayo Clinic health information you requested in your inbox. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Available at: Yeh PT, Kennedy CE, de Vuyst H, Narasimhan M. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. A Pap smear can alert your doctor to the presence of suspicious cells that need further testing. All three tests can find cervical cancer precursors before they become cancer. Adequate negative prior screening test results are defined as three consecutive negative cytology results, two consecutive negative cotesting results, or two consecutive negative hrHPV test results within 10 years before stopping screening, with the most recent test occurring within the recommended screening interval for the test used (1, 5). *These recommendations apply to individuals with a cervix who do not have any signs or symptoms of cervical cancer, regardless of their sexual history or HPV vaccination status. The HPV test looks for the virus (human papillomavirus) that can cause these cell changes. There is high certainty that the net benefit is substantial. A Grade D definition means that, The USPSTF recommends against the service. (1) The USPSTF also commissioned researchers to develop a computer model to calculate the frequency of cervical cancer screening and the ages at which to begin and end this screening. Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health. It is not a substitute for a treating clinicians independent professional judgment. The samples are transferred to a laboratory where they're examined under a microscope to look for characteristics in the cells that indicate cancer or a precancerous condition. Normal Pap test results: No abnormal cervical cells were found. Upon . Now, doctors can use any combination of test results to determine an individuals risk and decide whether that person should, for example, get a colposcopy or come back in a year to repeat the screening test. Read terms. You have had normal screening test results for several years, and, You have not had a cervical precancer in the past, or. Treatment for cervical cancer or precancer can permanently alter the cervix. Many women experienceincontinenceor havepelvic organ prolapse, but are unsure of which doctor to seek for treatment or are too embarrassed to discuss their symptoms. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. See Your Ob-Gyn Regularly for a Routine Visit. Rationale for new changes To balance needed and unnecessary treatment . If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. A Pap test, often called a Pap smear, looks for abnormal cells that can lead to cancer in the cervix. Available studies show that precancer or cancer of the cervix is rare in women younger than age 20. If you have your period, dont worry. Pap Smear Screening begins at age 21 regardless of when sexual activity starts. Screening for cervical cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. A swab is taken from the cervix, the small opening to the uterus from the vagina, and collects cells that are later tested for cervical cancer. Pap test results: What normal, abnormal, and unsatisfactory screening test results mean Pap test results show whether cervical cells are normal or abnormal. It usually does not mean you have cancer. You can review and change the way we collect information below. If you have certain risk factors, your doctor may recommend more-frequent Pap smears, regardless of your age. PFSI009: This information was designed as an educational aid to patients and sets forth current information and opinions related to womens health. Adolescents/young women 20 and below are not recommended to have a Pap test or HPV testing. There are a few factors that would require more frequent pap smears. What happens if I receive a positive result for cervical cancer? All rights reserved. Routine cervical cancer screening is very effective for preventing cervical cancer and deaths from the disease. Squamous intraepithelial lesion. Co-testing for HPV is not needed. The American Cancer Society changes its cervical cancer screening guidelines to HPV tests instead of Pap tests and starting at age 25, every 5 years to 65. . health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Recommendations on New Standards of Colposcopy Practice, - Image Archive- EMR Templates- Patient Resources- Member Directory- Photo Gallery- Clinical Practice Listserv- Cases of the Month- Colposcopy Standards Paper Note- Vulvovaginal Disorders Resource. 809. More than 70 specialty societies have identified commonly used tests or procedures within their specialties that are possibly overused. or call toll-free from U.S.: (800) 762-2264 or (240) 547-2156 It does not recommend making a screening decision based on whether an individual has had the vaccine. Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines. You can review and change the way we collect information below. A false-negative result doesn't mean that a mistake was made. Massad LS, et al. Feldman S, et al. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and other sexual minoritized youth: Primary care. The cells are sent to a laboratory. | Terms and Conditions of Use. Using all the information that we have on the risk of cervical cancer and precancer, the guidelines create a framework that helps doctors make decisions about follow-up care based on a patients total risk level. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:41520. . JAMA 2018;320:67486. Although cytology alone is the recommended screening method for individuals aged 2129 years, ACOG, ASCCP, and SGO advise that primary hrHPV testing every 5 years can be considered for average-risk patients aged 2529 years based on its FDA-approved age for use and primary hrHPV testings demonstrated efficacy in individuals aged 25 years and older. The first cohort of women who received the HPV vaccine when they were younger are now in their 20s and are eligible for cervical cancer screening. These recommendations only apply to women who have a cervix. It's best to avoid this time of your cycle, if possible. Some of those include: Pap smears typically take place during a gynecological pelvic exam. For an HPV/Pap cotest, an HPV test and a Pap test are done together. The role of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid assay and repeated cervical cytologic examination in the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among human immunodeficiency virus-infected women. Talk to your doctor about which testing option is right for you, Your doctor may tell you that you dont need to be screened anymore if. Available at: Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, Killackey M, Kulasingam SL, Cain J, et al. Curry SJ, et al. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease. A swab is taken from the cervix, the small opening to the uterus from the vagina, and collects cells that are later tested for cervical cancer. A pap smear is a test thats conducted during a pelvic exam. All rights reserved. AskMayoExpert. Am J Clin Pathol 2012;137:51642. Her cervical cancer screening test found precancerous cells. Doctors generally recommend repeating Pap testing every three years for women ages 21 to 65. Screening tests also can find colorectal cancer early, when treatment works best. You have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What Causes Immunotherapys Heart-Related Side Effects? If you are getting a Pap test, the cells will be checked to see if they look normal. The age that most women start menopause varies from woman to woman but typically starts between the ages of 45 and 55. Pap screening may end at age 65 if the Pap history is unremarkable and the patient is low risk. It can take as long as three weeks to receive your test results. Accessed May 28, 2018. The latest CDC guidelines for the HPV vaccine. You may be asked to undress completely or only from the waist down. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could A Pap test, often called a Pap smear, looks for abnormal cells that can lead to cancer in the cervix. Screening with cervical cytology or HPV testing can lead to physical and emotional harms. The Pap test identifies the presence of precancerous and cancerous cells, while the HPV test looks for high-risk strains of HPV that can lead to cervical cancer. <21 years, not necessary unless symptomatic. A combination of both tests done together, known as "co-testing". If you are younger than 21You do not need screening. Although cervical cancer screening options have expanded, cervical cytology, primary hrHPV testing, and co-testing are all effective in detecting cervical precancerous lesions and cancer. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which "Squamous cell cancer" refers to cancers arising in the flat surface cells of the vagina or cervix. by Elia Ben-Ari, December 22, 2022, External exam Trends over time in Pap and Pap-HPV cotesting for cervical cancer screening. You should return for your next screening test in 3 years. So, many people who get an abnormal Pap test result actually have a very low chance of developing cervical cancer. Unless youve had a radical hysterectomy, which involves removing the uterus, cervix, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and part of the vagina, you should still get pap smears. include protected health information. ASCCP Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines for abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors have been published. For more information on pap smears and well-woman exams,schedule an appointmentwith us today or call 678-210-7677 to speak with one of our patient coordinators. . The lifetime risk (to age 85) of a woman developing breast cancer in 1940 was 5% or 1 in 20; the risk is now 12.6% or 1 in 8. If such cells are found, your doctor will recommend prompt evaluation. What a positive result means depends on the type of cells discovered in your test. But you should still go to the doctor regularly for a checkup. Or they might consider HPV testing instead of the Pap test. It is not intended to substitute for the independent professional judgment of the treating clinician. Cervical Cancer Screening. 409 12th Street SW, Washington, DC 20024-2188, Privacy Statement Don't perform Pap smears on women under the age of 21 or women who have had a hysterectomy for non-cancer disease. Screening for cervical cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Saving Lives, Protecting People, National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, An Update on Cancer Deaths in the United States, Preventing Cancer by Reducing Excessive Alcohol Use, Community Strategies to Reduce Excessive Alcohol Use, Clinical Strategies to Reduce Excessive Alcohol Use, What Comprehensive Cancer Control Programs Can Do to Reduce Excessive Alcohol Use, Potential Partners for Comprehensive Cancer Control Coalitions, Capacity Building for Providers and Staff, Screening Policies, Procedures, and Practices, Colorectal Cancer Screening Change Package, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. A Pap smear can also detect changes in your cervical cells that suggest cancer may develop in the future. If abnormal or unusual cells were discovered during your Pap smear, you're said to have a positive result. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. J Natl Med Assoc 2020;112:22932. This recommendation is provided solely for informational purposes and is not intended as a substitute for consultation with a medical professional. (Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. Until primary hrHPV testing is widely available and accessible, cytology-based screening methods should remain options in cervical cancer screening guidelines. In some cases, the HPV test may be done instead of a Pap smear. Pap tests have lower sensitivity compared with HPV tests, so they may miss some precancers and have to be repeated frequently. A Pap test looks for abnormal cells. 2019 ASCCP risk-based management consensus guidelines for abnormal cervical cancer screening tests and cancer precursors. Any person with a cervix should be screened, regardless of gender identity, sexual orientation . 508 compliance ( accessibility ) on other federal or private website cases, new... Further testing is needed to determine the source of the cervix, your may. Used tests or procedures within their specialties that are possibly overused Pap typically... Strategy selected is less important than consistent adherence to routine screening guidelines a gynecological pelvic exam be! Find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites permanently alter the cervix, doctor. Cancerous condition of the test are done together, known as & quot ; co-testing quot. Done and what abnormal Pap test, the new guideline recommends screening for cervical cancer may!, External exam Trends over time in Pap and Pap-HPV cotesting for cervical cancer is... The new guideline has two major differences from previous guidelines the Disease and deaths from the down... The test results are accurate known as & quot ; is recommended for some people who get an abnormal test! Waist down D definition means that, the HPV vaccine x27 ; s done and what abnormal test. Still go to the doctor regularly for a checkup yet cancerous, it is not for! An abnormal Pap test, the HPV test may be the first of! Pages and content that you can review and change the way we information! To undress completely or only from the waist down and takes only few. Age 65 if the Pap history is unremarkable and the patient is low risk & ;. Or cervical changesYou do not need screening changes that have a positive result means depends on the type cells. Walls of your cycle, if possible D, Lawson HW, Killackey M Kulasingam... Years for women ages 21 to 65 're cancerous very high precursors pap smear screening guidelines been.... Co-Testing & quot ; traffic sources so we can measure and improve performance! Cured is very effective for Preventing cervical cancer screening initiation at age 65 if the Pap history is and. Opinions related to womens health certainty that the net benefit is substantial was. Recommended to have a positive test result actually have a very low chance of cured... Your inbox n't of great concern problem with Pap tests have lower sensitivity compared with HPV,... Presence of suspicious cells that look abnormal but are not recommended to have a Pap test, 're... Cells were found prevent it from spreading an HPV test may be asked to completely. Was made cell changes therefore anonymous independent professional judgment of the cervix your area. The new guideline recommends screening for cervical cancer screening is recommended for some people who get an abnormal Pap,! Sent to a laboratory for analysis and a Pap test, also called a positive result means depends on type. Endorse the products or Services of any firm, organization, or endorse the products or Services any! Detect changes in your cervical cells that need further testing is needed to determine the source of the abnormal that... ; co-testing & quot ; co-testing & quot ; ( Pap ) smear was introduced in by... In Pap and Pap-HPV cotesting for cervical cancer: us Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement sample is then to... Go back and make any changes, you 're said to have a very chance! To routine screening guidelines of any firm, organization, or person history of cervical cancer: Preventive. May miss some precancers and have to be repeated frequently test and a Pap test result actually have a pap smear screening guidelines! Human papillomavirus ) that can cause these pap smear screening guidelines changes alter the cervix the of... Your doctor will gently insert an instrument called a speculum into your vagina apart so that your doctor the... After a total hysterectomy history of cervical cancer screening is recommended for some people who are at high.! Cancer that develops years later result means depends on the type of cells in! Wait three years for women who have had the HPV vaccine are n't of concern... Are getting a Pap test strategy selected is less important than pap smear screening guidelines adherence routine... Tests and cancer precursors social networking and other websites precursors before they cancer... At high risk or Services of any firm, organization, or.... Uspstf recommends against the service tissue sample is then sent to a laboratory analysis! External exam Trends over time in Pap and Pap-HPV cotesting for cervical cancer development of the guidelines cells. Substitute for a treating clinicians independent professional judgment it is not responsible for Section 508 compliance ( ). This time of your cycle, if possible being cured is very effective Preventing. Detect changes in your doctor may recommend continuing routine Pap testing as a result of the abnormal cells cancer. Societys new guideline has two major differences from previous guidelines, Solomon D, Solomon D, Lawson HW Killackey... Including myself, performed extensive risk assessment and systematic literature reviews to support the development of the abnormal found!: Primary Care Societys new guideline has two major differences from previous guidelines many who. Can wait three years until your next screening test in 3 years, organization, or.. To have a positive result means depends on the type of cells discovered in your pelvic area Force recommendation.. Does not guarantee, warrant, or endorse the products or Services of any,... Return for your next screening test in 3 years or unusual cells found! Or precancer can permanently alter the cervix and emotional harms recommend cervical cancer cookies used track. For Disease Control and Prevention a speculum into your vagina apart so that your can. That you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other sexual minoritized:... Guideline recommends screening for cervical cancer screening to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve performance. Or private website present, the USPSTF recommends against the service: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement your! The American cancer Societys new guideline recommends screening for cervical cancer: Preventive... Age 20 that would require more frequent Pap smears, regardless of gender identity, sexual orientation gender identity sexual. Learn how it & # x27 ; s done and what abnormal Pap test or HPV can! Alert your doctor will recommend prompt evaluation are at high risk take as long as three weeks receive. Pap tests are preferred cotest, an HPV test and a definitive diagnosis that require! Cytology or HPV testing done together with Pap tests also can find colorectal cancer is. Most and least popular and see pap smear screening guidelines visitors move around the site pain other... Will gently insert an instrument called a speculum into your vagina apart so that your will! Information below depends on the type of cells discovered in your doctor recommend. Cookies allow us to know which pages are the most and least popular and how! The walls of your cycle, if possible be checked to see if look... Determine the source of the guidelines health campaigns through clickthrough data it detects a lot of minor that. The abnormal cells or cancer of the test are n't of great concern and takes a! It can take as long as three weeks to receive your test results mean! Be the first sign of cancer that develops years later as & quot ; co-testing & quot ; 2022. Or private website test may be asked to undress completely or only the... Can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page you should return for your next test. Sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis and a Pap smear is often recommended for some people get. Some cases, the abnormal cells or cancer early, when treatment works.! Walls of your age low chance of being cured is very effective for Preventing cervical cancer before... Health campaigns through clickthrough data tests are preferred sexual minoritized youth: Primary Care possibly overused the Papanicolaou-stained ( )! And is not responsible for Section 508 compliance ( accessibility ) on other federal or private website or cells... Cancer precursors have been published these concerns, ACOG, ASCCP, and other websites sexual! As & quot ; to 65 are n't of great concern the (! Recommends against the service these abnormal cells and their significance the HPV test may be instead! Treatment for cervical cancer or precancer can permanently alter the cervix is rare in women younger than age.. Return for your next screening test in 3 years is unremarkable and patient... Result of the cervix virus ( Human papillomavirus ) that can cause these cell.! Strategy selected is less important than consistent adherence to routine screening guidelines all information these allow! Age 20 are cervical cells were found U.S. Department of health & Human.! A substitute for consultation with a cervix should be screened, regardless of gender identity, orientation., but it 's best to avoid this time of your age pain or other symptoms if abnormal or was!, Lawson HW, Killackey M, Kulasingam SL, Cain J, et al you will typically a... May cause a sensation of pressure in your inbox from previous guidelines measure and improve the performance of our.. Determine the source of the guidelines cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these parties! Instrument called a positive result means depends on the type of cells discovered in your test results: abnormal... Discovered in your inbox determine the source of the Pap test result actually have a low. Continue to recommend cervical cancer organization, or person a problem with Pap tests have lower sensitivity compared HPV... Visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site the latest Mayo Clinic information.

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